Cultural Nursing Models Leininger

They are three principal models in Cultural Nursing. They are leading by Dra Leininger , Dr J.Giger and R. Davidhizar, Dr L.Purnell and Paulanka. The leading model developed by Leininger said that  Leininger defines 'care' as: what makes it possible to assist, sustain, enable and facilitate ways of helping people, based on culture, in a compassionate, respectful and appropriate way to improve their way of life or help them cope illness, death or disability. 

In 1970, Leininger elaborated the nascent sun model which represents essential components of his theory, this way is a valuable instrument to study the diverse elements and components of his theory and to make the clinical evaluations that are logical in the culture.

The upper half of the circle represents the components of the social structure and the factors of the conception of the world that influence care and health through language and environment. These

factors influence the nursing systems that are in the central part of the model. The two halves together form a whole sun which means the universe that nurses should consider to assess human care and health.

According to this theory, three types of nursing care can be established: Presentation and maintenance of cultural care; of adaptation and negotiation of cultural care and reorientation or restructuring of cultural care.

The rising sun model describes humans as people who can not be separated from their cultural origin and social structure, their conception of the world, their life trajectory and the context of their environment, this being a fundamental principle of Leininger's theory.